tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-70401328446636913752023-11-15T07:00:49.023-08:00SQA Interview Questions and AnswersHere you will find sqa interview questions and answers.
Quality, software Quality, Assurance, SQA, Plan, Walk throghs, Reviews, Automated testing questions,and much more,Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.comBlogger185125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-67601416675676186242011-08-20T12:38:00.001-07:002011-08-20T12:38:39.665-07:00How can World Wide Web sites be tested?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
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mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Web sites are essentially client/server applications - with web servers and 'browser' clients. Consideration should be given to the interactions between html pages, TCP/IP communications, Internet connections, firewalls, applications that run in web pages (such as applets, javascript, plug-in applications), and applications that run on the server side (such as cgi scripts, database interfaces, logging applications, dynamic page generators, asp, etc.). Additionally, there are a wide variety of servers and browsers, various versions of each.</span></div>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-61727745109724950282011-08-20T12:36:00.001-07:002011-08-20T12:36:51.585-07:00What are the components of a test plan?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">A Test Plan has objective, scope, entrance criteria, exit criteria, features to be tested, features not to be tested, approach, item pass fail criteria, Suspension Criteria and Resumption Requirements, Test Deliverables, Environmental Needs, Staffing and Training Needs, Schedule, risk analysis, approval</span></div>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-77708331805308883232011-08-20T12:35:00.000-07:002011-08-20T12:35:28.186-07:00What's a Test Plan?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">A software project test plan is a document that describes the objectives, scope, approach, of a software testing effort. The completed document will help people outside the test group understand the 'why' and 'how' of product validation.</span></div>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-43780516585098110412011-08-20T12:34:00.001-07:002011-08-20T12:34:16.932-07:00What is software 'quality'?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent2">Quality software is reasonably bug-free, delivered on time and within budget, meets requirements and/or expectations, and is maintainable.</div></div>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-29846862717200900992011-08-20T12:33:00.000-07:002011-08-20T12:33:09.158-07:00What is 'Software Quality Assurance'?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Software QA involves the entire software development PROCESS - monitoring and improving the process, making sure that any agreed-upon standards and procedures are followed, and ensuring that problems are found and dealt with. It is oriented to 'prevention'</span></div>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-87916754966862678902010-08-01T09:18:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:26.870-08:00What are sqa process steps?<h5>Steps of SQA process</h5><ol><li>Initiate SQA Process</li><li>Planning</li><li>Tracking</li><li>Training</li><li>Reviews</li><li>Issue Resolution</li><li>Testing</li><li>Audit</li><li>Process Improvement </li></ol><ul></ul><br /><br /><br /><h2>1-Initiate SQA Process</h2><br />QA manager to initiate SQA process for a project, once a P&C is signed off and a formal request is received from Director IT.<br />This sub process covers the initiation of SQA process for complete SDLC. An estimation file is made to estimate SQA resources.<br /><br /><b> Following Tasks will be performed at this stage</b><br /><ul><li>Director IT will send a formal request to QA Manager through email for implementation of SQA process.</li></ul><ul><li>QAM arrange resources, initiate SQA Process and performs SQA activities.</li></ul><ul><li>Interaction with Customers SQA personnel as per request</li></ul><br /><b>Following personal will be involved</b><br /><ul><li>Director IT</li><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Team Lead</li></ul><br /><h2>2.Planning</h2><ul><li>The sub-process enables planning for SQA activities. </li></ul><ul><li>SQA group selects the activities for which to develop Plan(s), according to project and departmental needs. </li></ul><ul><li>Is made at the initial stage of SDLC</li></ul><ul><li>Define an organization, task and responsibilities within SQA process</li></ul><b> Following Tasks will be performed at this stage</b><br /><ul><li>Estimation of SQA activities will be done by the SQA Team.</li></ul><ul><li>The cost and work breakdown will be done by the SQA team. </li></ul><ul><li>The Timelines (in MS Project Format) will be made.</li></ul><ul><li>QA Team Lead will give an orientation to the SEG about QALC.</li></ul><ul><li>Activities are identified which have to be planned.</li></ul><ul><li>Resources are assigned for planning</li></ul><ul><li>QA TL prepares SQA + Test Plans.</li></ul><ul><li>Plans placed in VSS, Notification to PC / PM.</li></ul><ul><li>Plans are distributed to affected groups.</li></ul><b>Following personal will be involved</b><br /><br /><ul><li>Project Manager</li></ul><ul><li>QA Manager</li></ul><ul><li>QA Team Lead</li></ul><ul><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><ul><li>HR Department </li></ul><h3>Test Plan:</h3><br />This plan focuses on controlled and managed test activities for any software work product. <br /><br />This Plan is developed normally when FS and Design phases are completed.<br /><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>TL prepare Test Plan.</li><li>Size and Cost estimation is performed.</li><li>Review report is generated and placed in VSS.</li><li>QAM will approve the Test Plan.</li><li>Plans are distributed to affected groups.</li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>Project Manager</li><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Team Lead</li><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><h3>APPROACHES:</h3><ul><li>Black and White Box Testing.</li><li>Acceptance Testing.</li><li>Integration Testing. 1 Small 2 Large</li></ul><ul><li>Non-Functional System Testing.</li><li>Functional System Testing.</li><li>Component Testing (Unit Testing).</li><li>Maintenance Testing.</li><li>System Testing.</li><li>Shipment Assurance Testing.</li></ul><br /><h3>QUALITY OBJECTIVES:</h3><h4>Developer’s Perspective</h4><ul><li>Correctness / Reliability / Accuracy</li><li>Integrity</li><li>Efficiency</li><li>Maintainability</li><li>Reusability</li></ul><br /><h4>User’s Perspective</h4><ul><li>Usability</li><li>Understandability</li><li>Robustness</li><li>Adaptability</li><li>Reports can be obtained</li></ul><br /><br /><h2>3- Tracking </h2><br />This sub-process is used to track deviations and monitor progress against different plans, which can result into updating the timelines, reassignment of tasks.<br /><br /><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>Tracking activities for SQA and Test Plan.</li><li>Progress Review Meeting is conducted.</li><li>Progress Review Report is prepared and stored in VSS.</li><li>If status meeting is postponed then give reason.</li><li>Deviations are recorded in tracking report.</li><li>PM will be presented SQA Analysis report on monthly basis.</li><li>Tracking report is placed in VSS.</li><li>Report against deviation is also generated.</li><li>Deviations are identified and issued to affected groups.</li><li>Issues will be forwarded to Issue Resolution.</li><li>Status report is dist. and cost effective sheet prepared.</li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>Project Manager</li><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Team Lead</li><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><h2>4- Training</h2>This sub-process includes Project specific and QA specific training. <br /><br /><ul><li>Project specific training can be an orientation / training of a specific design tool for a specific project. </li><li>QA specific training can be an introduction to expertise that is required to perform activities beyond the existing skill set.</li></ul><br /><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>Request for Training is placed or training needs are identified.</li><li>After review SQA Manager forwards the request to training manager.</li><li>SQAM/TL performs all the required coordination.</li><li>SQAM/TL implement training plan.</li><li>Feedback is provided by the affected group after training and updated in training program repository. </li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Team Lead</li></ul><br /><h2>5- Reviews</h2>The sub-process performs Peer reviews and Reviews at the project-level.<br /><ul><li>Peer Reviews will be performed for software related work products i.e. (SQA Plan, Test Plan, Test Cases and Code (Optional)). </li><li>The objective of peer reviews is to remove defects from the products early and efficiently. The results of the peer review are recorded and passed on to the author or person responsible for correcting defects discovered during the review.</li><li>Reviews at the project-level are necessary to determine that items are consistent, correct and of acceptable quality. </li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Engineers</li><li>QA Team Lead</li><li>Project Manager</li><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>All the reviews will be performed as per plan.</li><li>Team lead will prepare RSSR and then updates it accordingly.</li><li>Review meeting is confirmed with the Review Team.</li><li>Review team members prepare review-report-points prior to meeting using the respective Review Check List available in PAD. That check list will be made available along with the software related work product. </li><li>Software Related Work Product is reviewed during review meeting.</li><li>After preparation and verification of Review Report team lead will update the respective RSSR.</li><li>A status is given to the work product being reviewed</li>This status can be: </ul><ul>-Accepted (To proceed forward for Approval)</ul><ul>-Needs Rework (Rework required and then verification should be done)</ul><ul>-Rejected (New work product is to be prepared). </ul><ul>-In case of any issue, “Issue Resolution” sub-process will be followed. </ul><br /><h2>6- Issue Resolution</h2>The sub process will help to resolve issues that can come across while performing SQA activities; these issues will be escalated or resolved.<br /><br />Is nonconformity or a deviation against standards, resolution of which cannot be agreed upon between SQA team and affected group while performing different SQA activities like Planning, Reviews, Audits and Testing.<br /><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Engineers</li><li>QA Team Lead</li><li>Project Manager</li><li>Senior Management</li></ul><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>‘Issue Escalation and Resolution report’ and ‘Issue Tracking report’ are generated when unresolved issues are confronted.</li><li>SQA TL notifies affected groups about the meeting using these reports.</li><li>During meeting if issues resolved then TL updates VSS with these reports.</li><li>If remain unresolved then escalated to next management level.</li><li>Even then if issue is not resolved then preventive actions process are initiated. </li></ul><h2>7- Testing</h2>SQA assures that formal software testing is done in accordance with plans and procedures. <br />SQA reviews testing documentation for completeness and adherence to standards.<br />By test monitoring, SQA assures software completeness and readiness for delivery by executing shipment assurance testing.<br /><br /><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:</h3><ul><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Engineers</li><li>Project Manager</li><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>Testing approach as defined in test plan.</li><li>Domain knowledge acquired.</li><li>TSSR will be made by TL.</li><li>QAE develop Test case.</li><li>Test cases executed (Unit, Integration, System).</li><li>Results are generated as fault reports and escalated to AG.</li><li>Dev review fault reports and verified after rework.</li><li>TSSR will be updated with every iteration.</li><li>Application delivered to client as per release management process.</li></ul><h2>8- Audit</h2><ul><li>The sub-process is a fundamental quality assurance technique. </li><li>Audit will be conducted for all software engineering activities to verify compliance against:</li></ul><ol><li>Standards</li><li>Processes</li><li>Procedures</li></ol><ul><li>Conformance of development processes to procedures and conformance of product to standards.</li><li>Also examines conformance of actual status to reported status.</li></ul><h3>AUDIT TYPES<br /></h3><ul><li>Organizational based audits (after every three month)</li><li>Project based audits (after every Two months)</li><li>Event driven Audits</li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>Project Manager</li><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Engineers</li><li>QA Team Lead</li><li>Project Coordinator</li></ul><h3>Tasks Perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>Audit should be according to plan.</li><li>TL makes and afterwards updates ASSR.</li><li>Audit checklist will be customized and used to conduct audit.</li><li>Audit will be conducted.</li><li>Audit report will be published.</li></ul><ol><li>PM, Sr. Mgt. -> Project based</li><li>-QE, Sr. Mgt. -> Organizational Based</li></ol>Affected Groups are informed of NCR by mail<br />Hard copy of Non Conformance Report (NCR) is created and duly signed by Software Engineering Group (SEG).<br />NCR report is created and unresolved issues are escalated in issue resolution.<br /><h2>9- Process Improvement</h2><ul><li>Critical function of SQA is Process Improvement.</li></ul><ul><li>This sub-process includes research and development need of SQA which results into improved processes, checklist and guidelines.</li></ul><h3>Personals Involved at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>QA Manager</li><li>QA Engineers</li><li>Quality Engineering</li></ul><h3>Tasks perform at this stage are:<br /></h3><ul><li>SQA periodically review Software process and improvement activities.</li><li>QAE / Dev / Mgt generate process improvement request.</li><li>QAM review process improvement request.</li><li>QAM accept / reject process improvement Request.</li><li>Findings are prepared.</li><li>QAM will approve and review the recommendations and forwarded to QE.</li><li>Reports will be posted in VSS.</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-86174597516611391922010-08-01T07:30:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:26.923-08:00What-is-SQA-process-(softwae-quality-assurance-process)-and-what-are-SQA-process-activites-or-what-do-you-know-about-SQA-process-and-what-are-main-activites-of-SQA-prcoes-why-sqa-process-is-used?<h4>SQA Process:</h4>Process for providing adequate assurance that the software products and processes in the project life cycle conform to their specified requirements and adhere to their established plans<br /><br /><h4>Why SQA Process:</h4><br /><br />There are reasons that sqa process<br /><ul><li>Provides management with appropriate visibility into the process being used and the products being built.</li><li>Verifies compliance with project requirements <br /></li><li>Based on a documented plan and processes</li><li>Assures the delivery of high-quality technical products and services</li></ul><h4>SQA Process Activities: </h4><ol><li>Product Assurance</li><li>Process Assurance</li><li>Process Implementation </li></ol><br /><h3><br /><br />Product Assurance<br /></h3>Assure that all plans required by the contract are documented, comply with the contract, are mutually consistent, and are being executed as required.<br /><br />Ensure that software products and related documents comply with the contract and adhere to the plans.<br /><br />In preparation for the delivery of software products, assure that contractual requirements are fully satisfied and that requirements are acceptable to the acquirer.<br /><br /><h3><br />Process Assurance<br /></h3><br />Assurance that those software life cycle processes (supply, development, operation, maintenance, and supporting process including quality assurance) employed for the project comply with the contract & plans.<br /><br />Assurance that the internal software engineering practices, development, test environments, and libraries comply with the contract<br /><br /><h3><br /><br />Process Implementation<br /></h3><br />This activity should include the following:<br /><br />Quality standards, methodologies, procedures, and tools. <br />Procedures for identification, collection, filing, maintenance, and deposition of quality records.Resources, schedule, and responsibilities.V&V, joint review, audit and problem resolution.Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-4390607522233974992009-06-15T03:13:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:26.991-08:00Which test case should not be automated?These types of <h4>test cases should not be automated</h4><br /><br /><ol type="i"><li>One Time testing. (Non Repeatable)</li><li>Ad-hoc Testing (As soon As possible results required)</li><li>Usability Testing.</li></ol>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-15562146821282696542009-06-15T03:12:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.050-08:00Which test case should be automated?Following <h5>test case should be automated</h5><br /><ul><li>Test case need to be run for every build of the application <br />(Sanity Testing)<br /></li><li>Test that use multiple data values for the same actions. <br />(Data Driven Testing)<br /></li><li>Critical Application functionality.</li><li>Business functionality which won’t be change in short time period.</li><li>Performance testing <br />(Load & Stress)<br /></li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-85676773518902854302009-06-15T03:07:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.086-08:00What are disadvantages of automated testing tools?<span style="font-weight: bold;"><h4>Automated tools have following disadvantages. </h4></span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Usability Testing:</span><br />Usability of software can not be automated so automated tools cannot rate the usability of an application.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cost:</span><br /><br /> Usually these are licensed so automated tools are quite expensive<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Programming knowledge required:</span><br /> To customize test scripts according to test requirement.<br />Test maintenance is costly: In case of playback methods.<br />Even though a minor change occurs in the GUI, the test script has to be rerecorded or replaced by a new test script.Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-29494116700669281882009-06-15T03:05:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.114-08:00What-are-benefits-or-advantages-of-automated-testing?<span style="font-weight: bold;"> <h4>Following are the benefits for using automated tools</h4></span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><h6>Fast: </h6></span>Human be slow but Automated Testing Tool runs tests significantly faster than human users.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><h6>Reliable:</h6></span> Tests perform precisely the same operations each time they are run, thereby eliminating human error.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><h6>Repeatable:</h6></span> You can test how the software reacts under repeated execution of the same operations.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><h6>Programmable:</h6></span> You can program sophisticated tests that bring out hidden information from the application.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;"><h6>Reusability:</h6></span> You can reuse the Automated Test scripts, user defined functions etc.Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-89433285316792598232009-06-15T02:57:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.142-08:00How-is-Statistical-Analysis-is-in-TPPM-Activity?<h4>Statistical Analysis</h4><ul><li><h6>Perform Problem Root Cause Analysis.</h6></li><li><h6>Mention root cause from different main cause categories</h6></li><li><h6>Identify different solution</h6></li><li><h6>Select best solution</h6></li><li><h6>Mention C&PA to avoid problem in future</h6></li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-29938391767795597682009-06-15T02:56:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.163-08:00How-is-Actual-Measurements-Entry- in-TPPM-Activity?Take measurement of following <h4>attributes/Variables and enter in Testing PPM</h4><br /><ul><li><h6>Actual size of code (LOC/AFPs)</h6></li><li><h6>Actual Defects Identified by each test case</h6></li><li><h6>Actual efforts expended to execute each test case</h6></li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-4771361262616112162009-06-15T02:54:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.185-08:00How-estimation-in-TPPM-(-testing-process-performance-model- activity?<h4>In testing PPM first of all estimate following things step by step</h4><br /><ul><li><span style="color: blue;">Size of each Test Case </span><span style="color: black;">(over all size and lenght of the every test case is estimated)</span></li><li><span style="color: blue;">Defects of each Test Case</span>(defects of the test cases are estimated)</li><li><span style="color: blue;">Efforts to execute each test case</span> (Efforts are also are part of the estimates)</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-67196292496031603782009-06-15T02:52:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.206-08:00What-is-Testing-Process-Performance-Model-(TPPM)-activity?<h4>Testing PPM activity</h4>Testing PPM activity can be logically divided into following Sub-Activities.<br /><br /><ul><li><span style="color: blue;">Estimations</span>-here estimations are done</li><li><span style="color: blue;">Actual Measurement Entry</span> - here we come with actual measures</li><li><span style="color: blue;">Statistical Analysis</span> - we are doing analysis for the estimations and measure in this activity</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-14629981603269540462009-06-15T02:48:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.233-08:00What-is-the-sequence-of-testing-process-performance-model-TPPM?<h4>Sequence of TPPM</h4><br /><ul><li>Testing Process Performance model is prepared for each Release testing activity of Project/Product .</li><li>After test designing of each release, TPPM estimation is completed.</li><li>While test execution, TPPM is updated on daily basis or after some defined interval based on release test execution time.</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-82287245730738023142009-06-15T02:47:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.266-08:00What-is-testing-process-performance-model-or-TPPM?<h4>Testing Process Performance Model</h4><br />Testing Process Performance model is to predict the important attributes of testing process and monitor the efficiency and performance of testing process by tracking and analyzing the actual data.Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-15238574622922063702009-06-15T02:45:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.306-08:00What-is-use-of-process-performance-models-PPMs?<h4>Use Of PPMs</h4>Process Performance models are used to estimate the project activities for different critical sub processes which are important to achieve the project and business objectives.<br /><br />Mainly PPM are to :<br /><br /><ul><li>Predict </li><li>Track </li><li>Manipulate</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-36411160846088988122009-06-15T02:39:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.341-08:00What-are-PPM-(process-performance-models)?<h5>PPM</h5>Process Performance Models are used to estimate and predict results to be achieved by following a process.<br /><br />There are following process performance models.<br /><br /><ul><li>Effort Estimation Model</li><li>Defect Estimation Model</li><li>Time and Effort PPM</li><li>Release Management PPM</li><li>Patch Release PPM</li><li>Testing PPM</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-3134071966690879412009-06-15T02:31:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.366-08:00How analysis and reporting after data collection?There are a few steps for analysis and reporting.<br /><ul><li>Periodically review the actual results </li><li>Apply quantitative and statistical techniques</li><li>Determine and document actions needed to address the deficiencies</li><li>The results of data analysis are reviewed with affected groups & individuals</li></ul><br /><ul><li><span style="color: #3366ff;">Project Summary </span></li><li><span style="color: #3366ff;">Analysis Reports</span></li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-21313830824427712652009-06-15T02:28:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.400-08:00How data is collected for metrics and measurements?There are some ways for metrics and measurements for data<br /><ul><li>Measurements are collected as per their definition at defined points as mentioned in Organization Metrics File</li><li>Data is collected and compiled by using Project Summary, Help Desk, eRMS, Analysis Reports, Peer Review Analysis Reports etc </li><li>Verification of the measurement data is done independently to check completeness, integrity, accuracy by SQA & SEG for the data that they provide to each other</li><li>Once the data is collected will be assessed independently by QE</li><li>Project may consider additional metrics to better manage their project</li><li>Data should be available for use only by appropriate groups and personnel. </li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-37878694761415030082009-06-14T23:56:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.428-08:00What are the business objective of metrics and measurements?These are business objectives<br /><br /><ul><li>Project must be signed-off on time with maximum 15% schedule variance.</li><li>Estimation Accuracy (EA) of Effort, & Cost must be within 0.85 to 1.15.</li><li>100 % of signed off requirements should be implemented in final delivery.</li><li>After system sign-off re-work effort on bugs must not exceed 5% of total effort on development per year.</li><li>At least 80% of resource and time utilization must be ensured for each resource.</li><li>Achieve at least 20% profit on average for each project.</li><li>Employee turnover should not be more than 8% during a year.</li><li>Exploration of two technologies during a year, and one of them must be used.</li><li>At least 90% of Critical/Major bug requests should be serviced as per agreement during a year (as per PM’s discretion that change request is Critical/Major).</li><li>At least 10% of the total leads should be materialized by Business Development during the year.</li><li>Employees satisfaction index (ESI)</li><li>Conduct at least one market survey per year</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-91986859461256446082009-06-14T23:54:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.447-08:00What are the business goals of metrics and measurements?We may say that these are its main goals.<br /><br /><ul><li>Continuously enhance the quality of our products & services</li><li>Increase customer satisfaction leading to repeat business</li><li>Attract, develop & retain competent & motivated resource base by ensuring highest level of employee satisfaction</li><li>Be ready to meet market expectations by being proactive and having in-depth understanding of market requirements</li><li>To be the world leader in providing - - - - software solutions </li><li>Become a preferred vendor of - - - - software solutions by strengthening customer base in existing markets and aggressively exploring new markets</li><li>To become a profitable organization</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-50254335215414481152009-06-14T23:51:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.471-08:00What are the attributes for effective software metrics? <h5>Attributes effective software metrics</h5><br /><ul><li>Simple and computable</li><li>Consistent and objective</li><li>Consistent in its use of units and dimensions</li><li>Programming language independent</li><li>An effective mechanism for high-quality feedback</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7040132844663691375.post-89233568766767230132009-06-14T23:41:00.000-07:002011-01-23T09:34:27.487-08:00What are the activities that are suggesting measurement principles?<h5>Activities are </h5><br /><ul><li>Formulation</li><li>Collection</li><li>Analysis</li><li>Interpretation</li><li>Feedback</li></ul><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Principles for Formulation</span><br /><br /><ul><li>The objectives of measurement should be established before data collection begins.</li><li>Each technical metric should be defined in an unambiguous manner.</li><li>Metrics should be derived based on a theory that is valid for the domain of application.</li><li>Metrics should be tailored to best accommodate specific products and processes.</li></ul><span style="font-weight: bold;">Principles for Collection and Analysis</span><br /><br /><ul><li>Whenever possible, data collection and analysis should be automated.</li><li>Valid statistical techniques should be applied to establish relationships between internal product attributes and external quality characteristics.</li><li>Interpretative guidelines and recommendations should be established for each metric.</li></ul>Hafeezhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06143881902067820807noreply@blogger.com0